Download E-books Vitruvius. The Ten Books on Architecture: Translated by Morris Hicky Morgan PDF

This Elibron Classics variation is a facsimile reprint of a 1914 variation through Harvard college Press, Cambridge.

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6. Voice is a flowing breath of air, perceptible to the listening to through touch. It strikes in an unending variety of round rounds, just like the innumerably expanding round waves which look whilst a stone is thrown into delicate water, and which stick with it spreading indefinitely from the centre until interrupted through slim limits, or through a few obstruction which prevents such waves from attaining their result in due formation. once they are interrupted through obstructions, the 1st waves, flowing again, get a divorce the formation of these which stick to. 7. within the similar demeanour the voice executes its events in concentric circles; yet whereas on the subject of water the circles stream horizontally on a aircraft floor, the voice not just proceeds horizontally, but additionally ascends vertically by means of normal phases. consequently, as in terms of the waves shaped within the water, so it truly is on the subject of the voice: the 1st wave, whilst there isn't any obstruction to break it, doesn't get a divorce the second one or the next waves, yet all of them succeed in the ears of the bottom and optimum spectators with no an echo. eight. for this reason the traditional architects, following within the footsteps of nature, perfected the ascending rows of seats in theatres from their investigations of the ascending voice, and, via the canonical thought of the mathematicians and that of the musicians, endeavoured to make each voice uttered at the degree include higher clearness and wonder to the ears of the viewers. For simply as musical tools are delivered to perfection of clearness within the sound in their strings via bronze plates or horn ἠχεῖα, so the ancients devised equipment of accelerating the facility of the voice in theatres in the course of the software of harmonics. bankruptcy IV HARMONICS 1. HARMONICS is an imprecise and tough department of musical technological know-how, particularly should you don't know Greek. If we wish to deal with of it, we needs to use Greek phrases, simply because a few of them don't have any Latin equivalents. as a result, i'm going to clarify it as sincerely as i will from the writings of Aristoxenus, append his scheme, and outline the bounds of the notes, in order that with a bit cautious recognition anyone are able to comprehend it lovely simply. 2. The voice, in its alterations of place while moving pitch, turns into occasionally excessive, occasionally low, and its routine are of 2 types, in a single of which its development is constant, within the different via periods. the continual voice doesn't turn into desk bound on the “boundaries” or at any certain position, and so the extremities of its growth are usually not obvious, however the proven fact that there are modifications of pitch is clear, as in our usual speech in sol, lux, flos, vox; for in those situations we won't inform at what pitch the voice starts, nor at what pitch it leaves off, however the incontrovertible fact that it turns into low from excessive and excessive from low is clear to the ear. In its development via durations the other is the case. For the following, whilst the pitch shifts, the voice, through switch of place, stations itself on one pitch, then on one other, and, because it usually repeats this alternating technique, it sounds as if to the senses to turn into desk bound, as occurs in making a song after we produce a edition of the mode through altering the pitch of the voice.

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